Interpopulation variation in seed germination and seed traits of Opuntia streptacantha

Israel Cruz-Jiménez; Jose Arturo  De-Nova; María de la Luz  Guerrero-González; Joel Flores; Pablo Delgado Sánchez

doi:10.56890/jpacd.v25i.528

Authors

Israel Cruz-Jiménez Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosi?, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, SLP., México.
Jose Arturo De-Nova 1 Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosi?, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, SLP., México. 2 Instituto de Investigacio?n de Zonas Dese?rticas, Universidad Autono?ma de San Luis Potosi?, San Luis Potosi?, SLP., México.
María de la Luz Guerrero-González Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosi?, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, SLP., México.
Joel Flores División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de investigación Científica y Tecnologica, San Luis Potosi?, SLP., México.
Pablo Delgado Sánchez Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosi?, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, SLP., México.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56890/jpacd.v25i.528

Keywords:

Cacti, Parameters physical, Seed germination, Plant populations

Abstract

Cacti have a wide distribution in the arid and semi-arid ecosystems of Mexico, with environmental variations affecting both physical and physiological seed traits. Herein, the physical and ecophysiological traits of Opuntia streptacantha seeds were evaluated to determine whether they are affected by sites. The seeds from eight sites of O. streptacantha from six Mexican states were studied, Sain Alto, Villa de Guadalupe, Villa González Ortega (Zacatecas), Zaragoza (San Luis Potosí), Lagos de Moreno (Jalisco), San Luis de La Paz (Guanajuato), Cardonal (Hidalgo) and Santiago Tepetitlán (Estado de México); being Lagos de Moreno and Santiago Tepetitlán the less dry sites and Villa González Ortega and Cardonal the drier ones. The longest seeds were from Zaragoza (3.81 mm), Villa González Ortega (3.72 mm) and Villa Guadalupe (3.70 mm); the widest and thickest seeds were from San Luis de La Paz (3.44 and 2.16 mm, respectively). The highest volumetric weight was found in seeds from Villa Guadalupe (9.92 kg hL^-1), Lagos de Moreno (9.90 kg hL^-1) and Santiago Tepetitlán (9.67 kg hL^-1). The site San Luis de La Paz (1.31 g) had the highest weight of 1000 seeds and Cardonal (8874 seeds) the highest number of seeds per kilogram. The seeds with the highest moisture content were those from Villa González Ortega (9.81%), and the seeds with the lowest hardness were those from Santiago Tepetitlán (17.95 lbf), and Lagos de Moreno (16.55 lbf). The seeds from the western region of the country (Lagos de Moreno), where the species is less abundant and the environment is moister, showed the highest germination (26%). The seed hardness was negatively correlated with seed germination, with soft seeds having the highest germination. No correlation between seed weight and germination was found. The seed traits are related to environmental factors that influence the seed quality. The physical seed traits and seed germination from different sites for ecological restoration plans need to be considered.